A day at St. Pancras

Last year, as I realized that I was stuck on St. Pancras International for some hours, I was not worrying too much. St. Pancras is located near King’s Cross Station. As a Harry Potter fan, I wanted to use the occasion to look for the Platform 9 3/4, which I found by the way (>>>). But it also turned out that St. Pancras is quite a beautiful place to walk around, too.

St. Pancras International is a huge London railway station hosting Euro Star trains (trains on the first floor, the entrance at the ground level), Thameslink connections (underground) and high-speed trains (ground level). It is located near the Kings Cross station (practically across the street).

St Pancras International was first opened in 1868. It is a historic symbol of Victorian railway architecture. Initially designed by William Henry Barlow and George Gilbert Scott for the Midland Railway, it featured the world’s largest single-span roof, showcasing exceptional engineering of its era. An integral part of St Pancras station, form its beginning was the the St. Pancras Renaissance London Hotel, originally known as the Midland Grand Hotel. Designed by the eminent architect George Gilbert Scott, the hotel was built alongside the station in the Victorian era and opened in 1873, five years after the station itself. The hotel’s elaborate Victorian Gothic Revival architecture was intended to complement the station, reflecting the grand ambitions of the Midland Railway company to make a bold architectural statement. This architectural style is characterized by its ornate and elaborate design, drawing inspiration from medieval Gothic architecture, yet incorporating the technological advancements of the Victorian era. The station’s distinctive features, such as the red brick façade, pointed arches, and detailed stonework, are hallmarks of the Victorian Gothic Revival style.

The station experienced a period of decline in the 20th century, The hotel was closed in the 1930s and later used as railway offices. The station was facing potential demolition in the 1960s. This threat sparked widespread conservation efforts, leading to its designation as a Grade I listed building (in the UK it is the highest designation and is reserved for buildings of the utmost historical or architectural significance). The station’s revival began in the 21st century, transforming into an international hub with the arrival of Eurostar services in 2007. The St. Pancras Renaissance London Hotel, reopened in 2011 after an extensive restoration and renovation project that began around 2004.

Today the station is a combination of modern solutions and Victorian architecture. A huge and splendid building, Victorian style is neighboring the station at its front. It is considered an integral part of the station. It is a hotel (St. Pancras Renaissance London Hotel, formerly Midland Grand Hotel), in short, called ‘the chambers’ as for some time the building was turned into railway offices.

There are some lovely pieces of art inside. A massive sculpture of a couple in love is located precisely at the front of the Eurostar platform on the station upper level. The official name of this 9-meter tall bronze statue by Paul Day is ‘the Meeting Place‘. Was unveiled 8 years ago during a re-opening ceremony of the station and the official launch of the Eurostar trains in London. Its foot is decorated by reliefs.

You can also see a man in a hurry, who – seemingly – looks up to check the train timetable. The St. Pancras website says the man was Sir John Betjeman, a famous poet and a railway enthusiast, who engaged himself to save the Station from demolition. At a ground level, you can listen to some piano music performed live – a piano, bit used but still in good shape, is available to those who would like to play publicly.

St Pancras together with the adjacent King’s Cross Station in London, serve as a significant transportation hub. St Pancras hosts international Eurostar services alongside domestic trains, while King’s Cross is a crucial junction for UK rail services and the London Underground.

A day at St. Pancras

A ‘Black Cab’ That Is Not Necessarily Black

London’s licensed taxis, commonly referred to as black cabs, are an iconic symbol of the city. Despite their name, not all of these taxis are actually black. The term originated from the early London taxis, such as the Austin FX3 and FX4 models, which were predominantly painted black. This color choice was due to practical and economic reasons – black paint was cheaper and more readily available at the time. Over the years, the association with the color stuck, leading to the popular nickname. However, there was never an official requirement for London taxis to be black.

A licensed taxi in London

The technical regulations for London cabs, known as the Conditions of Fitness, do not mandate black as the only permissible color. Instead, they focus on specific requirements that these vehicles must meet to operate as licensed taxis. While color is not restricted, several technical and design specifications are strictly enforced. These include a separate compartment for passengers and the driver to ensure privacy and safety, high internal headroom to accommodate passengers comfortably, and the ability to turn 180° within a 28-foot (8.53 meters) turning circle – a feature that allows these cabs to navigate narrow streets and make U-turns with ease.

In London, there are separate licenses for the driver and the vehicle. The driver’s license, known as the Taxi Driver’s Licence, is issued to an individual who wishes to become a taxi driver. This license permits them to operate a licensed taxi in the city. To obtain it, drivers must meet specific requirements, such as passing The Knowledge test, undergoing medical and character checks, and completing a practical driving assessment. The driver’s license is managed by Transport for London (TfL) and needs to be renewed every three years.

In addition to the driver’s license, a separate vehicle license – referred to as the Taxi Vehicle Licence – is required for the cab itself. This license ensures that the vehicle meets all the Conditions of Fitness set by TfL, including safety standards, accessibility requirements, and environmental compliance. Regular inspections are conducted to maintain the vehicle’s licensed status, and this license must also be renewed periodically.

Although there isn’t a strict cap or quota on the number of taxi licenses issued, the stringent requirements and high costs associated with obtaining a taxi driver’s license and maintaining a licensed vehicle naturally limit the number of black cabs operating in the city.

PS as of 2024. Uber drivers in London are governed by a different set of regulations compared to traditional black cab drivers. They must obtain a Private Hire Driver’s Licence from Transport for London (TfL), which involves passing a topographical skills assessment, a medical check, and a DBS (criminal record) check. Uber drivers are not required to pass The Knowledge test, but their vehicles must be licensed as Private Hire Vehicles (PHVs) by TfL. Unlike black cabs, Uber drivers cannot pick up passengers from the street or wait at taxi ranks – they can only accept pre-booked rides through the app. The emergence of private hire drivers, among others, has led to a decrease of about 15% in the number of licensed taxi drivers in London over the last ten years, while the number of licensed taxis has fallen by around 32% over the same period​.

 

A ‘Black Cab’ That Is Not Necessarily Black